Philae is the most picturesque of all Egypt�s temples, thanks to its site � it sits on a Nile island reached by small motor launch. This Ptolemaic (Graeco-Roman) era temple is devoted to Isis, whose cult was to survive into early Christian times. After the building of the Aswan Dam (1898�1902), the island�s temples were submerged for a part of each year. With the building of the High Dam (1969�71), the temples were relocated to nearby Agilika Island, which was landscaped to match the original site.

Top 10 Features

1 Kiosk of Nectanebo

2 Colonnaded Courtyard

3 Temple of Isis

4 The Sanctuary

5 The Birth House

6 The Osiris Rooms

7 Hadrian�s Gate

8 Temple of Hathor

9 Kiosk of Trajan

10 Sound and Light Show

Kiosk of Nectanebo

Boats drop visitors at a double stairway that leads up to the Kiosk of Nectanebo, a small structure erected during the 4th century BC that acts as a gateway to the site.

Colonnaded Courtyard

Beyond the kiosk is an elongated courtyard flanked by colonnades. The west colonnade has columns on which every capital is different and a rear wall punctuated by windows overlooking the water. The east colonnade is interrupted by a series of ruined structures.

Temple of Isis

The centrepiece of Philae is this beautiful, small temple built over several hundred years by Ptolemaic and Roman rulers. It is fronted by an ancient Egyptian pylon and two stone lions.

The Sanctuary

Beyond a second pylon, a hypostyle hall leads to vestibules that culminate in the innermost holy sanctuary, containing a stone pedestal that once supported the goddess Isis�s barque.

The Birth House

The colonnaded Birth House is where the pharaohs legitimized their rule as mortal descendants of Horus by taking part in rituals celebrating the god�s birth. At the bottom of the rear wall are scenes of Isis giving birth to Horus in the marshes.

The Osiris Rooms

If the caretaker can be persuaded to unlock the way (with a tip), some upper rooms with reliefs depicting the resurrection of Osiris after his dismemberment by Seth can be visited.

Hadrian�s Gate

West of the temple is a small vestibule dedicated by the Roman emperor, inscribed with the date 24 August AD 394. Above the lintel, Hadrian is depicted presenting himself before a pantheon of ancient Egyptian deities.

Temple of Hathor

East of the main building is a small, ruinous temple, which still has two columns topped with Hathor heads, as well as a fine relief depicting musicians with the dwarf god Bess playing a harp. Kiosk of Trajan This imposing kiosk was built around AD 100 by the Roman emperor Trajan and served as a royal landing for the temple. It combines Roman architecture with Pharaonic detailing.

Sound and Light Show

Of all Egypt�s sound and light shows, the one at Philae is the best. It consists of a one-hour floodlit tour through the ruins and is a highly atmospheric experience.

The Cult of Isis

Isis was the goddess of magic, and no ancient Egyptian cult lasted longer or spread further than hers. She became identified with women, sex and purity, and

Isis worship spread throughout the Roman empire, with her cult temples appearing as far as what is now Hungary. For the first two centuries of Christianity�s history, Isis was Christianity�s main rival. It is possible that Christianity�s cult of the Virgin was nurtured as a way of winning over Isis worshippers.

Tips For Traveler

 

• If you are not travelling as part of a group, you can negotiate a taxi or rent a bicycle from Aswan to the Shallal dock, which is where the boats to Philae depart from.

• There is nowhere to buy food and drink on the island so, at the very least, bring bottled water.